Haida / Kwak'wala /
Nisga'a-Gitxsan

Haida

The Haida are the natives of Queen Charlotte Islands in British Columbia, Canada, and nearby islands of Alaska, US. They have called to officially remove that absurd monarchical name and restore the native name of their islands, Haida Gwaii. The Haida languages is called Xaadas in the native language. By culture, they are close to other peoples of the area, like the Kwakiutl, Tlingit or Tsimshian, but their language is completely different, classed by some as an isolate, by others in the fringe of the Na-Dene language family. The language is very endangered. Out of a populaytion of 2,000 people, there were 225 speakers in Canada and 138 in the US (1990).

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Xaadas

Haida herria dira Queen Charlotte Uharteetako jatorrizko biztanleak, Kolunbia Britainiarrean (Kanada) eta Alaskako zenbait uhartetan (EEBB). Dagoeneko ofizialki eskatu dute Karlota Erreginaren izen monarkiko hori kendu dezatela, eta beren lurraldearen izen ofiziala jatorrizkoa izan dadila, Haida Gwaii. Kulturaz gertu daude inguruko Kwakiutl, Tlingit edo Tsimshian herrietatik, baina hizkuntza oso desberdina dute. Batzuentzat isolatua, euskara bezala, bestetzuentzat Na-Dene familiako urrutiko ahaidea. Hizkuntza arriskuan dago oso. 2.000 Haida inguru daude, baina bakarrik 225 hiztun Kanadan eta 138 EEBBetan (1990). Haida hizkuntzaren jatorrizko izena Xaadas da.

Mapetan / Map name

Haida

Anthony Island

Skung Gwaii

Hotspring Isla

Gandla K'in

Queen Charlotte Islands

Haida Gwaii

Rose Spit

Naikun

Skedans

K'una

Skeena River

Sginn

South Moresby

Gwaii Haanas

Tanu

T'anuu

Windy Bay

Hik'yaah

Kwakiutl

Till recently, the term Kwakiutl has been used to name this ethnic group and their language, but as a matter of fact this is just one tribal name (properly spelled Kwagi'l in the native language). Now, the native term Kwak'wala is used for the language, and Kwakwaka'wakw for the ethnic group. However, not all of the tribes identify with these labels. The people of around Campell Island speak Li'kwala dialect and consider themselves distinct. The Kwakwaka'wakw, or Kwak'wala speakers are the original inhabitants of the Northern Vancouver Island area. A region in mainland British Columbia was also occupied by them. The ethnic population is now 5.517 (1996) but there are only some 200 Kwak'wala speakers which account for less than 4% of the Kwakwaka'wakw population. The Kwak'wala language is part of the Wakashan family.

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Kwak'wala

Oraintsu arte Kwakiutl izena erabili izan da talde etniko hau eta beren hizkuntza izendatzeko, baina ez da izen egokia. Berez, talde etnikoko tribu bakar baten izenetik dator forma hori, eta egoki idatzirik, jatorrizko forma Kwagi'l litzateke gainera. Orain, hizkuntzarako Kwak'wala izena erabiltzen da, eta jendearentzat, talde etnikoarentzat, Kwakwaka'wakw forma. Hala ere, tribu edo azpi-talde guztiak ere ez dira izen berriokin identifikaruak sentitzen. Adibidez, Campell Uhartekoak Li'kwala dialektoz mintzo dira, eta etnikoki desberdintzat duten beren burua. Kwakwaka'wakw edo Kwak'wala hiztunak Vancouver uharteko iparraldeko jatorrizko biztanleak dira (baita aldameneko kontinenteko parte batekoak), Kanadako Britainia Kolunbiarrean. Talde etnikoan 5.517 lagun ziren 1996an, baina soilik 200 bat Kwak'wala hiztun geratzen dira, populazioaren %4 doi-doia. Kwak'wala hizkuntza Wakashan familiakoa da.

Ingelesez

Kwak'wala

Alert Bay

'Yalis

Baronet Passage

Dàmliwas

Blunden Harbour

Ba'as

Campbell River

Tla'mataxw

Cape Mudge

Tsakwa'lutan

Etsekin

I'tsikan

Fort Rupert

Tsaxis

Gilford Island

Gwa'yasdams

Hope Island

Xwamdasbe'

Hopetown

Hegam's

Kingcome Inlet

Gwa'yi

Knights Inlet

Dzawadi

New Vancouver

Tsadzis'nuk'wame'

Nimpkish

Xwalkw

Quatsino

Xwatis

Smith Inlet

Takus

Tournour Island

Kalugwis / Qalogwis

Village Island

'Mimkwamlis

Winer Harbour

Oyagamla

Nass, Giksan

Gitxsan and Nisga'a are two close peoples of British Columbia, Canada. They speak dialects of the same language, one of the 2 tongues of the Tsimshian group. Formerly, the term Tsimshian was also used for these peoples, but now it is preferred to name the other Tsimshianic speaking group, the coastal Tsimshian (relationships with other languages are doubtful). Till recently the forms Nass River (or Nishga, or Niska) and Giksan (the people of Skeena River) have been used to name these groups, but now the native spellings are preferred. There may some 2,000 speakers out of 5,000 people in the ethnic groups.

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Nisga'a, Gitxsan

Gitxsan eta Nisga'a herriek hizkuntza bera dute, bi dialekto izanik. Kolunbia britainiarrean bizi dira, Gitxsanak Skeena ibaiaren ibarretan, Nisga'ak Nass ibaiarenetan. Lehen Tsimshian ere esaten zitzaien, baina orain termino hori haien ahaide diren kostaldeko Tsimshian herriari ematen zaio. Tsimshian eta Nisga'a- Gitxsan hizkuntzak elkarren ahaide dira, baina beste ahaidetasun batzuk ez daude argi. Talde hauek izendatzeko, beste termino batzuk ere erabili dira orain arte: Nass River, Nishga, Niska; Giksan... Orain jatorrizko izenak hobesten dira. Guztira 5,000 lagun izango dira, eta 2,000 hiztun edo.

Mapetan, ingelesez / Map name, English

Nisga'a (n) / Gitxsan (g)

Canyon City

Gitwinksihlkw (n)

Glen Vowell

Sikokoak (g)

Greenville

Lakalzap (n)

Kincolith

Gingolx (n)

Kitwancool

Gitanyow (g)

Kitwanga

Gitwangak (g)

New Aiyansh

Gilakdamiks (n)

Mapak / Maps

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