Rhetoromance

Rhetoromance

The Rhetoromance language group of the Alps region is sometimes regarded as a single language, or as different languages. Moreover, one of those, Romansh, is also divided into units that some claim to be languages per se, not dialects. The most extended view is that of considering three languages: Romansh spoken in the west, in Switzerland, Ladin (the central variety) spoken in the Dolomites region of Italy, in Trentino-Südtirol region and also in Veneto, and Friulian (in another page), the easternmost variety, spoken on Friuli, in Italy.

Erretorromaniera

Erretorromaniera hizkuntza talde edo mintzaira bakartzat har daiteke, zenbait dialektotan banaturik Alpeetan zehar. Hizkuntza horietako bat, Erromantxera, aldi berean azpi-dialektotan dago banatua, eta haiek diote bakoitza hizkuntza bat dela berez. Ohikoena hiru hizkuntza kontatzea da: Erromantxea mendebaldean (Suitzan); Ladinera erdialdean Italiako Dolomitetan (orri honetan), Trentino-Südtirol eta Veneto eskualdeetan; eta Friulera ekialdean, Italiako Friuli eskualdean.

Ladin

Ladin is spoken by some 30.000 people of five valleys, and compites as a minority language with much powerful Italian and German (in Südtirol) communities. Nevertheless, of the five valleys listed in our table, Ladin speakers are the local majority except in Ampëzan. Ladin has some official recognition in the valleys of the Trentino-Südtirol side, but none in the Veneto side valleys (Fodom and Ampezän).

Ladinera

Ladineraz 30.000 lagun inguru mintzo dira, zenbait haranetan Dolomitetan, hizkuntza komunitate italiar eta alemanarekin lehian. Hala ere, Ladinera nagusi da, hiztun kopuruan, haran txiki horietarik bostean (Ampëzan-en salbu, alegia). Ladinerak estatus ezagutua du nolabait Trentino-Südtirol aldeko bailaretan, baina batere ez Veneto aldekoetan (Fodom eta Ampezän).

Italian

German

Ladin

Ampezzo

Ampëzan

Badia

Abtei

Badia

Canazei

Cianacëi

Colle Santa Lucia

Col

Cortina d'Ampezzo

Ampëz

Dolomiti [mountains]

Dolomites

La Villa

Stern

La Ila

Livinallongo

Fodom

Livinallongo

Fodom

Ortisei

Sankt Ulrich

Urtijei / Urtijëi

Pieve de Livinallongo

La Plie

San Martino in Badia

Sankt Martin in Thurn

San Martin de Tor

??

Sankt Vigil in Enneberg

Al Plan

Selva di Val Gardena

Wolkenstein

Sëlva

Val Badia

Gadertal

Badiot

Val di Fassa

Fascian

Val Gardena

Grodental

Gherdëina

Vigo di Fassa

Vich

Italian

German

Ladin

Belluno

Belun

Bolzano

Bozen

Balsan

Chur (1)

Cuera

Innsbruck (2)

Dispruch

Trento

Trënt

Udine

Udin

Venezia

Venezia

(1) Suitzan, erromantxearen eremuan / In Switzerland, Romanche area.
(2) Austriako Tirolen / In Austrian Tirol.

Romansh

A Rhaeto-Romance language (altoghether with Friulian and Ladin), spoken in Graubünden, Switzerland, where Romansh is official in 82 of all 120 communes (Italian is also official at a cantonal level, besides German, the majority language). The standard unified koiné is officially called Rumantsch Grischun, but there are 5 well established and distinct dialects: Sursilvan (in the higher Rhin or Vorderrheintal region, which is also called Romontsch), Sutsilvan (in the lower Rhin or Hinterrheintal and in Nidwald), Surmeiran (in Oberhalbstein edo Surmeir valley, and in Albulatal valley); Putèr (in the higher Engadin) and Vallader (in the lower Engadin and Münstertal valleys). About 65.000 speakers.

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Rumantsch Grischun

Suitzako Graubunden (erromantxeraz Grischun) eskualdean mintzo da hizkuntza hau. Graubunden edo Grischun kantonamenduan, 120 komuna daude, eta horietarik 82tan da ofiziala erromantxera. Italiera ere kantonamenduko hizkuntza ofiziala da. Forma estandar edo koiné kodifikatuari Rumantsch Grischun esaten zaio, baina ondo bereizten diren bost dialekto edo aldaera daude: Sursilvan (Rhin Garaian edo Vorderrheintal eskualdean, zeinari Romontsch ere esaten zaion), Sutsilvan (Rhin Beherean edo Hinterrheintal eta Nidwald eskualdeetan), Surmeiran (Oberhalbstein edo Surmeir haranean, eta Albulatal delakoan); Putèr (Engadina Garaian) eta Vallader (Engadina Beherean eta Münstertal edo Müstair haranean). Guztira, 65.000 hiztun inguru.

German [Italian]

Rumantsch Grischun

Albulatal

Val d'Alvra

Arosa

Arosa

Bergün

Bravuogn

Brigels

Breil (p) / Brail (p)

Bündner Oberland

Surselva (s) / Part-sura (s)

Cazis

Cazas

Chur [ital.: Coira]

Cuira / Cuoira (p) / Cuera (s)

Compadials

Cumpadials

Cumbels

Cumbel

Davos

Tavau / Tavo (p)

Davos-Platz

Tavau-Plaz

Disentis

Mustér

Ems

Domat

Engadin

Engiadina

Fellers

Falera

Flims

Flem (s)

Flims Dorf

Flem vitg (s)

Flims Waldhaus

Flem casa d'uaul (s)

Graubünden [ital.: Grigioni]

Grischun

Hinterrheintal

Rain posteriur

Igels

Degen

Igis

Igis

Ilanz

Glion

Inn

En (p)

Kästris

Castrisch (s)

Klosters

Claustra

Küblis

Küblis

Lenzerheide

Lai

Maloja

Malögia (p) / Maloggia ?

Misox

Mesocco

Mühlen

Mulegns

Münster

Müstair

Münstertal

Val Müstair

Oberengadin

Engiadin'ota

Oberhalbstein

Surmeir

Obersaxen

Sursaissa (s)

Pontresina

Puntraschigna

Poschiavo

Poschiavo

Prättigau [ital.: Prettigovia]

Partenz

Reichenau [ital.: Pont-Campovasto]

La Punt / La-Punt-Chamuesch ??

Rhein

Rein (s)

Sagens

Sagogn (s)

Samaden

Samedan (p)

Sankt Benedikt [ital.: San Benedetto]

San Benedetg

Savognin

Savognin

Schleuis

Schluein (s)

Schuls

Scuol

Seewis im Oberland

Sevgein

Sils im Engadin

Segl

Silvaplana

Silvaplana

Somvix

Sumvitg

St. Moritz

San Murezzan

Stampa

Stampa

Surrhein

Surrein (s)

Tamins

Tumein (s)

Tavetsch

Tujetsch (s)

Thusis

Tusaun (s)

Trimmis

Trimmis

Truns

Trun

Unterengadin

Engiadina bassa

Vals

Val S. Pieder (s)

Vigens

Vignogn

Villa

Vella (s)

Vorderrheintal

Rain anteriur

Official forms in standard Rumantsch Grischun except those marked (p) for Puter dialect and (s) Surselvan dialect

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