Yiddish

Europako juduak Bi gutxiengo garrantzitsu ditugu orri honetan, Ashkenazi juduak eta beren Yiddish hizkuntza eta jusu sefarditak eta beren Ladino hizkuntza, gaztelania zaharraren ondorengoa (Judeo-Español ere esaten diote Espainia aldean). Europako judu asko hil zituzten Naziek Holokaustoan, baina beste batzuk bizirik irten ziren. Askok emigratu egin zuten Estatu Batuetara, Kanadara eta Israelera. Taulan Yiddish hiztunen estimazio batzuk (barka: estatu izenak ingelesez).

European Jews Two important groups which have been minoritized for most of history are the Ashkenazi Jews and their Yiddish language, and the Sephardi Jews and their Ladino language (just a copule of names by now). Many Jews perished in the Nazi Holocaust, but small groups in various states of occupied Europe did survive. Many emigrated to the United States, Canada, and Israel. Some stayed. We have a recent estimate of speakers of Yiddish.

State / Estatua	Year 1930. Urtea	Year 1995. Urtea
Austria	200,000	10,000
Belarus	375,000	10,000
Belgium	90,000	35,000
Bosnia	19,000	1,000
Bulgaria	50,000	4,000
Croatia	30,000	500
Czech Rep.	129,000	4,000
Denmark	8,000	5,000
Estonia	5,000	200
Finland	2,000	2,000
France	350,000	100,000
Germany	560,000	28,000
Greece	2,000	2,000
Hungary	650,000	40,000
Ireland	2,000	1,000
Italy	57,000	40,000
Latvia	100,000	1,000
Lithuania	155,000	1,000
Luxembourg	3,000	1,000
Moldova	300,000	2,000
Netherlands	140,000	30,000
Norway	2,000	1,000
Poland	3,300,000	2,000
Romania	760,000	68,000
Russia	1,250,000	500,000
Slovakia	175,000	8,000
Slovenia	4,000	300
Spain	4,000	1,000
Sweden	4,000	5,000
Switzerland	30,000	20,000
Ukraine	1,750,000	35,000
United Kingdom	100,000	40,000
Yugoslavia (Serbia)	15,000	1,000
Israel	300,000	1,500,000
United States	2,100,000	880,000
Canada	140,000	90,000
Australia	12,000	31,000
TOTAL (with others)
Guztira (beste batzuk barne)	14,000,000	4,000,000

Ladino Sefarditentzat izen pare bat besterik ez dugu, Ladino hizkuntzan

Ladino For Sephardi jews, we only have these names in Ladino language.

* State / Estatua	* Map name (mapako izena)	* Ladino
Greece	Thessaloniki	Saloniki
Turkey	Istanbul	Kushta

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Yiddish Mapetako izen batzuk ASR siteman idatziak. Yiddishez daudenak ingelesezko transliterazioak dira, jatorrizko hebraierazko alfabetotik eginak.

Yiddish In map names several special characters are written with the ASR system. The Yiddish names are english transliterations from the hebrew script.

* State / Estatua	* map name / *mapetan	* Yiddish
Austria	Wien	Vin
Belarus	Brest	Brisk
Czech Rep.	Praha	Prag / Prog
Lithuania	Kaunas	Kovne
Lithuania	Vilnius	Vilne
Moldova	Chis,ina(u	Keshenev
Poland	Cracow	Kroke / Kruke
Poland	L/odz'	Lodzh
Poland	Poznan'	Pozna / Pozen / Pozyn
Poland	Siedlce	Shedlets
Poland	Warszawa	Varshe
Poland	Wrocl/aw	Bresloy / Bresle
Romania	Ias,i	Yas
Ukraine	Berdychiv	Barditshev
Ukraine	L'viv	Lvuv / Lemberik
Ukraine	Odessa	Odes

Informer / Datu-emailea: Howard Freedland

Last updated / Eguneratua: 1998-7-1

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